in philosophy at the University of Munich. at Trinity College, Cambridge and was subsequently called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn, and then to Germany, where he received a Ph.D. In 1905, he left for further studies in Europe, first to England, where he completed a second B.A. Among the Urdu poems from this time that remain popular are Parinde ki faryad (A bird's prayer), an early meditation on animal rights, and Tarana-e-Hindi (The Song of India) a patriotic poem-both poems composed for children. He taught Arabic at the Oriental College, Lahore from 1899 until 1903. īorn and raised in Sialkot, Punjab in an ethnic Kashmiri Muslim family, Iqbal completed his B.A. He is commonly referred to by the honorific Allama (from Persian: علامہ, romanized: ʿallāma, lit.'very knowing, most learned'). Sir Muhammad Iqbal Kt ( Urdu: محمد اقبال 9 November 1877 – 21 April 1938), was a South Asian Muslim writer, philosopher, and politician, whose poetry in the Urdu language is among the greatest of the twentieth century, and whose vision of a cultural and political ideal for the Muslims of British-ruled India was to animate the impulse for Pakistan.
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